Effects of Early Mathematics Skills on Middle School Students' Mathematics Achievements and a Preliminary Exploration of Neural Foundations
作者：姬中天1;宋爽2 ;郭衎1,3
单位：[1]北京师范大学数学科学学院;[2]首都师范大学教师教育学院;[3]国家教材建设重点研究基地(大中小学数学教材研究)
关键词：早期数学技能;数学学业成就;磁共振成像;灰质体积
英文关键词：early mathematics skills;mathematics achievement;magnetic resonance imaging;gray matter volume
摘要：中小学阶段学生的学业成就是关乎社会发展的重要问题．了解学生学业水平的影响因素，探索底层机制对提高学业成就具有积极的作用．然而，行为层面的研究很难揭示复杂学习的基础规律．非侵入性脑影像技术的出现、优化和使用让进一步了解学生学习机制成为可能．研究对一项10年追踪研究中研究对象早期数学技能、初中时脑灰质体积及数学学业成就进行分析，发现全脑灰质体积中介了早期数学技能对数学学业成就的预测作用，并将模型对数学学业成就变异的解释率提高近一倍．关注数学学业成就生理机制的追踪研究有助于增加对学业成就影响因素的关注，促进将研究成果更直接地运用于教育实践．
英文摘要：Students' achievement is a crucial factor for societal growth. Analyzing the factors influencing students' academic performance and delving into the underlying mechanisms can lead to significant improvements. However, it is difficult to uncover the fundamental principles of complex learning just by studying behaviors. The emergence, optimization, and application of non-invasive brain imaging technologies have provided valuable insights into the mechanisms responsible for students' mathematical learning. This study analyzed early childhood mathematical skills, gray matter volume in junior high school, and mathematical academic achievement from a decade-long longitudinal cohort. The results indicated that whole-brain gray matter volume mediates the predictive effect of early mathematical skills on mathematical academic achievement, nearly doubling the model's explanatory power for variance in mathematical achievement. Focusing on the physiological mechanisms of mathematical academic achievement, this research enhances the understanding of the factors influencing academic performance, and facilitates more direct application of research findings to educational practice.
基金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年项目——基于跨学科问题解决的创造力评价框架及其数字化测评研究(CHA230308)
语种：中文
来源：数学教育学报,2026(01):71-77.
中图分类号：G633.6
出版日期：2026-02-15
提交日期：2026-03-11
引用参考：姬中天;宋爽;郭衎. 早期数学技能对中学数学学业成就的影响及神经基础初探[J]. 数学教育学报,2026(01):71-77.
